Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Using Fully Integrated SECE Method: An Analytical Study of the Residual Voltage

This article presents an analytical study of the residual voltage left in the piezoelectric capacitor after each cycle in inductor-less Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction (SECE) methods. A closed-form expression for this voltage is derived, and its impact on the energy harvesting efficiency is examined. The resulting equations are validated using numerical methods and spectre simulations. The analysis highlights key designs constraints, such as the DC-DC converter's resistance, that limit energy extraction in fully integrated SECE-based harvesters.

Palabras clave: DC-DC converters, energy harvesting, piezoelectric, synchronous electric charge extraction (SECE)